Introduction

    hi friends my name is Muhammad Rizki Ridho. My blog contain about all of what I have learned from school. I hope this blog can be useful for you.
    The following are the materials that I have post :

1. Blaming and accusing someone
2. Admitting mistakes and making promises
3. 2nd and 3rd conditional sentences
4. Making suggestion and requesting something
5. Complaining and giving instruction
6. Explanation text
7. Business letters
8. Asking about possibilities, expressing curiosity and desire, expressing views
9. Discussion
10. Contrastive conjunction and Modal perfect
11. Persuading and encouraging, preventing someone from doing something
12. Narrative text
13. Direct-indirect speech
14. Passive sentences 

    

Passive Sentence

Use of Passive

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.
Example: My bike was stolen. In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it.
Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following example shows: Example: A mistake was made. In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I do not blame anyone (e.g. You have made a mistake.).

Direct Speech

Direct Speech / Quoted Speech 

Saying exactly what someone has said is called direct speech (sometimes called quoted speech)

Here what a person says appears within quotation marks ("...") and should be word for word.

For example:

She said, "Today's lesson is on presentations." Or "Today's lesson is on presentations," she said.

Narrative Text

Narrative text is an imaginative story to entertain readers.Other function of narrative text is for education.
Generic Structure

• Orientation : It is about the opening paragraph where the characters, setting and time of the story are established.
• Complication : When the problems in the story arise an involves main character.
• Resolution : The problems are solved (better or worse).

Persuading and Encouraging, Preventing Someone from Doing Something

Persuading
Persuading is an expression to persuade someone. So, someone want to do something as like as persuader's request.

Expressions of Persuading :

• Are you really sure you can't/couldn't . . . ?
• Don't be so silly!

Contrastive conjunction and Modal perfect

Contrastive conjunctions used to emphasize the contrast between two ideas

The following are some contrastive conjunctions

1. But, still, yet, although, even though, whereas, while

These conjunction combine two clauses which are/apposite/contrast one to another.

Example :

-          is short Donny, but he is strong. -           Although Bella is an artist, she doesn’t ignore her studies. -           Mr. David is rich, yet he is un happy.

Discussion Text

Discussion is a text which presents a problematic discourse. This problem will be discussed from different points of view. It presents pro and contra opinion on certain issue.[ . . . ]

Asking about Possibilities, Expressing Curiosity and Desire, ExpressingViews.‎

Possibility is used when we are talking about the future, we often don't really know what will happen.

Asking about Possibilities

• Would it be possible for (somebody) to . . . ?
• Do you think it's possible that . . . ?
• What possibility is there that . . . ?
• Is there any possibility that . . . ?

Business Letter

The block format is the simplest format; all of the writing is flush against the left margin.

Your Address 1

The return address of the sender so the recipient can easily find out where to send a reply to.

•   British English

Position        : In the top right corner of the letter.

•   American English

Position        : In the top left corner, below the date, or at the end of the letter (below the signature)

Explanation Text

Explanation Text

                Is a text that contains the processes associated with natural phenomena, social, science, culture and more . An Explanation text is usually derived from the corresponding author of the question 'why' and 'how' of a phenomenon.

                Communicative purpose of the Explanation text is to explain the processes that occur in the formation or activity associated with natural phenomena, social, science, culture, and others that aim to explain.

Complaining and giving instruction

Complaining

Complaints are expressions of "displeasure or annoyance" in response to an action that is seen by the speaker as unfavorable.

Making a complaint

      I do wish you could….

      Excuse me, I’m afraid…

      I wish you wouldn’t mind…

      Would you mind (doing)….?

      Well, it is good for you to….

      (Honestly!) I’m fed up with …

      I wonder if you could help me…..

      I’m sorry to have to say this, but….

      (Well,) this is the most unsatisfactory.

      Wouldn’t it be a good idea to/ not to…?

      I’ve got a bit of a problem here, you see……

      Excuse me, there appears to be something wrong…

      Excuse me, there seems to be something wrong with…

Making suggestion and requesting something

 

There are a number of ways used when making suggestions : 

1)         WHAT ABOUT/HOW ABOUT ... + Base form + -ING

•       What about going to the swimming pool tomorrow?

•       How about going to the swimming pool tomorrow?

Conditional Sentences‎

1.  2nd Conditional Sentences

a. Definition:

2nd conditional (also called conditional type 2) is a structure used for talking about unreal situations in the present or in the future. This page will [ . . . ]

Admitting Mistakes and Making Promises

Admitting Mistakes

Admitting mistake is the way to admit and ask for a sorry of your mistake.

Note :

Mistake is a misunderstanding or misconception or an error in action, calculation, opinion, or judgment caused by poor reasoning, carelessness, insufficient knowledge, etc.

When you have a mistake to someone you need to plead your mistake, so the problem will be clear.

Blamming and accusing someone

Blaming ( menyalahkan )

Blaming : when someone said that person did a mistake that should be her/his responsibility, like choosing wrong way.

Blaming is an expression that is used to say on somebody the [ . . . ]